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Abanyamerika ejo ku wa Kane Barahimbaza Umusi w'Umuganuro


Zimwe mu nyamaswa, Turkeys.
Zimwe mu nyamaswa, Turkeys.

Hagati y’amagenekerezo ya 21 ukwezi kw’icenda na 11 z’ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe mu 1621, abagabo b’abongereza 53 bari kumwe n’abagore n’abana, barifatikanije n’abasangwabutaka bo muri Amerika bagera kuri 90 mu guhimbaza umunsi w’umuganuro wafashwe nk’uwo gushima umwimbu wabo wa mbere baronse bari ku butaka bwabo bushasha mu gisagara ca Plymouth muri Reta ya Massachusetts y’ubu.

Abo bantu, bari bafise ibintu vyinshi vyo gushima: Umwaka umwe imbere yaho nko hagati na hagati y’ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe mu 1620, bari mu bari bagize umurwi w’abacakara 102 bazanywe n’ubwato bwitwa Mayflower bwashikiye mu buraruko bw’Amerika. Abo, bari bamwe mu bari bahagaze ku myumvire yabo ikarishe mu vyo kwemera, yatumye Reta y’igihugu cabo c’Ubwongereza ibafata nk’intagondwa ziba muri ico gihugu zitabifitiye uburenganzira.

Barambiwe n’ihohoterwa bakorerwa, bahisemwo kwerekeza mu cahoze citwa ubukoloni bwa Virginiya, bahava bomorwa n’imbeho ariko kuhava babandaniriza mu cofatwa nk’ikigwa ciswe Cape Cod gutyo batangura kuhashinga imizi.

Uwo mwaka wabo wa mbere wari ugoye cane: Mu mwaka umwe gusa, hafi igice c’abacakara 102 barahitanywe n’inzara, ivyaduka vy’ingwara n’imbeho. Ici ryahavuye ariko ribazanira umwimbu mwiza, mu kiringo kibanziriza ibihe birangwa n’imbeho ikaze abagabo 22, abagore 4, imiyabaga 9 y’abahungu na 5 y’abakobwa n’abana 13 barahura bigina uwo mwimbu.

Reta ya Massachusetts biravugwa ko atari yo yonyene yiyitirira kuba yaratanguye ivyo guhimbaza umunsi w’umuganuro n’amashimwe witwa Thanksgiving: Zimwe mu nyandiko za kera zirerekana ko nk’abanyespanyole ba mbere bashitse ku mugabane wa Amerika hari imihango y’umuganuro ijanye n’ukwemera kwabo bagiriye muri Reta za Florida, Texas, Maine, na Virginia imbere yo mu 1620. Naho biri uko, iyo mihango yabo yamaze umwanya urume rumara.

Biciye ku busabe bw’urutavanako bwa Reta ya Massachusetts, umunsi mukuru w’umuganuro, Thanksgiving, ku ncuro ya mbere wahimbajwe ku mugaragararo mu mareta yose mu 1863 biciye mu itegeko rya Prezida Abraham Lincoln. Nyuma yaho, Prezida Franklin Delano Roosevelt yahavuye ashira uwo musi mukuru mu ndwi ya kane y’ukwezi kwa cumi na rimwe uko umwaka utashe.

Umusi mukuru w’umuganuro, Thanksgiving, watanguye nk’igisabisho c’amashimwe y’abimukira. Naho ubundi vyari bimenyerewe ko uwo musi mukuru urangwa n’uguhura hagati y’abaryango n’abagenzi basangirira hamwe, uno mwaka ikiza ca Virusi ya Corona gishobora gutuma abatari bake bawuhimbaza bonyene mu mihana yabo mu kurundira ko umuco wongera gutamanzura.

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